India is home to 75% of the world?s tiger population with an estimated 3,682 tigers in the wild, significantly higher than the projected figure of 3,167. Madhya Pradesh has the largest tiger population with 785, followed by Karnataka (563), Uttarakhand (560), and Maharashtra (444). The increase in tiger numbers reflects successful conservation efforts, but also raises concerns about human-tiger conflicts. The tiger population has declined in some states, mainly in central India, due to poor conservation and Maoist insurgency.